TCP / IP are the standard protocol used by all computers
connected to the Internet so that they can communicate. Keep in mind that the
Internet connected computers in many different classes and incompatible
hardware and software are in many cases, at all the possible ways and means of
connection. Here lies one of the
great advantages of TCP / IP, then the protocol will ensure that communication
between all possible. TCP / IP are compatible with any operating system and any
hardware.
TCP / IP is not a single protocol, but that is actually what
is known under this name is a set of protocols that cover all levels of the OSI
model. The two most important protocols are TCP offload (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet
Protocol), which are what give the whole name. The architecture of the TCP / IP
has five levels or layers in which the protocols are grouped, and which relate
to the OSI layers as follows:
-
Application: It corresponds to the levels of OSI
application, presentation and session. Here protocols to provide services such
as electronic mail (SMTP), file transfer (FTP), remote login (TELNET) and more
recently as HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) are included.
-
Transportation: Matches the transport layer of
the OSI model. This level protocol such as TCP and UDP offload, are responsible for managing data and provide the
reliability necessary for transport of the same.
-
Internet: The network layer of the OSI model. Includes
the IP protocol, which is responsible for sending information packets to their
respective destinations. It is used for this purpose by the transport layer protocols.
-
Physical: Analogous to the physical level of the
OSI.
-
Red: This is the actual network interface. TCP /
IP do not specify any particular protocol, so it runs through the familiar
interfaces such as: 802.2, CSMA / CD, X.25, etc.
For More: UDP offload
